Any tube that has its diameter increased by expanding, with any kind of tools, will suffer a stretching of the material, affecting directly the thickness of the wall. It has less to do with the minimal abrasion caused by the contact of the tool against the tubing wall than to a normal stretching caused by the heat making the tube deformable enough to be shaped by the SPIN Tool. However, such joints (as in the case of the Swage) usually require welding or brazing afterwards. The addition of the filling material greatly increases the thickness of the tube wall at the brazed area, increasing the resistance in these areas altogether. In our cyclic-loading tests the brazed area showed exceptional results regarding material stress resistance.
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